Rom5 Grace Victorious

# Grace Victorious 得勝的恩典
## Romans 羅馬書 5
[Langtang National Park, Nepal. Sergey Pesterev](https://unsplash.com/photos/JV78PVf3gGI "caption")

>>>
+ feel as if **evil** is winning?
+ **world** news: angry, selfish, 
  + personal **freedom** vs **mercy** to others
  + and **proud** of it: deem morally courageous
+ amongst **loved ones**, family, friends:
  + so **stubborn** + proud, unwilling to change
  + **nothing** I do/say works
  + afraid it affects **me**, too:
+ long-standing, habitual **sins**:
  + I've **tried** and prayed, and **failed**

---

# Do I feel as though **evil** is winning?
# 我是否覺得 惡正在得勝？

>>>
+ in **world**, in hearts of those **close** to us,
  + even in our **own** lifestyle + hearts?
+ Rom5: reason for **hope** + even **boasting**:
+ The **grace** in which we stand
  + is far greater than **sin** of world
+ **Inquire** deeply into Scriptures
  + behold **Lamb** of God

______
+ Holy Father, You call us to 
+ worship You in **spirit** + **truth**
+ W/every **fibre** of being: draw **near** to You
  + **rest** deeply in Your love
+ W/all our **mind** + strength
  + **discern** Your truth, **obey** in faith
+ This time is **sanctified** as holy to You

______
+ Rom: well-deserved **reput** as most thorough
  + exposition of **gospel**: how we're saved
+ Concise summary of book in **1:16-17**:

---

For I am not ashamed of the **gospel**, 
for it is the **power** of God 
for **salvation** to everyone who believes, 
to the **Jew** first and also to the **Greek**.

我不以福音為恥；
這福音本是神的大能，
要救一切相信的，
先是猶太人，後是希利尼人。

[Romans 羅馬書 1:16 (ESV/CUV) (p.1/2)](# "ref")
[Aaron Burden](https://unsplash.com/photos/09AhDCedXF8 "caption")

---

For in it the **righteousness** of God 
is revealed from **faith** for faith, 
as it is written, 
“The righteous shall **live by faith**.”

因為神的義正在這福音上顯明出來； 
這義是本於信，以致於信。 
如經上所記：義人必因信得生。

[Romans 羅馬書 1:17 (ESV/CUV) (p.2/2)](# "ref")

>>>
+ God's **power**: not only right. **judgment**
  + but also abundant **grace**
+ We need to be **saved**: not only own **mistakes**
  + but God's coming **wrath**
+ God's election of **Israel**, and **mystery** 
  + that gospel sent to **ends of earth**
+ The **righteousness** not earned by own piety
  + but **granted** by God 
  + and **obtained** by faith
+ Reflected in approx **outline** of the book:

---
## Overview of Romans 羅馬書

1. _Need_: Man's **Sin** + God's **Wrath** [(ch1-3a)](# "ref") 
 需要神的救恩： 因為人的罪跟 神的憤怒
1. _Means_: Saved by **Faith** in **Grace** [(ch3a-5)](# "ref") 
 如何得到 神的救恩：因著信在恩典中得救
1. _Life_: **Dead** in the Body, **Alive** in the Spirit [(ch6-8)](# "ref") 
 得救的生命：肉體致死, 但是靈性復活
1. _Message_: Partial **Hardening** of Israel [(ch9-11)](# "ref") 
 救恩的信息：部分以色列內心剛硬
1. _Walk_: Rational **Service** to God [(ch12-15)](# "ref") 
 與神同行：以神的真理服事敬拜祂

>>>
+ **Need** for salvation
+ **Means** by which we are saved:
  + **faith** of Abe, **grace** from Christ
+ **Life** of salvation: **standing** in grace 
  + yet still **dwelling** in body of death
+ **Message** of salvation: gospel first to **Jews**
  + then as **rejected** it, to **Gentiles**
  + (appl to modern **church**!)
+ **Walk** as slaves of **righteousness**,
  + in view of God's **mercies** toward us

---

## Romans 羅馬書 5
1. **Pride**: Future Hope, Present Suffering [(1-5)](# "ref") 
 主裡誇口：在我們未來的盼望跟現在的患難裡
1. **Peace**: in the Father's Love [(6-11)](# "ref") 
 主裡平安：在天父的愛裡
1. **Power**: in Grace which Surpasses Sin [(12-21)](# "ref") 
 主的大能: 在超越罪惡的恩典中

>>>
+ Bc of how Christ **saved** us, we're not just **surviving**
  + but have cause to **boast**: confidence
+ **Assurance**: God is not **angry** w/us
  + bc how Father demonstrated His **love**
+ No matter how **much** sin around us increases,
  + God's **grace** abounds over and above

---

Therefore, since we have been **justified** by faith, 
we have **peace** with God 
through our Lord Jesus Christ.

我們既因信稱義， 
就藉著我們的主耶穌基督 
得與神相和。

[Romans 羅馬書 5:1 (ESV/CUV) (p.1/2)](# "ref")
[Montreal, CA. Marc-Olivier Jodoin](https://unsplash.com/photos/TStNU7H4UEE "caption")

>>>
+ v1-2 all 1 **sentence**
+ "justified": made/decreed to be **righteous**
  + promise to **Abe** + all w/same faith
+ "peace": **reconciled** w/God
  + saved from righteous **wrath**

---

Through him we have also obtained **access** 
by faith into this **grace** in which we stand, 
and we **rejoice** in hope of the glory of God.

我們又藉著他， 
因信得進入現在所站的這恩典中， 
並且歡歡喜喜盼望神的榮耀。

[Romans 羅馬書 5:2 (ESV/CUV) (p.2/2)](# "ref")

>>>
+ "grace": our current **status** before God
  + access: **led** forth/into, not earned
  + have obtained: perfective, already **completed**
+ "rejoice": **boast**, pride, hold head up high
  + not in **liberties** I assert for myself
  + but pride in future **hope** in heaven
+ Not only in **future**, but also **present**:

---

Not only that, but we rejoice in our **sufferings**, 
knowing that suffering produces **endurance**, 
and endurance produces **character**, 
and character produces **hope**,

不但如此，就是在患難中也是歡歡喜喜的； 
因為知道患難生忍耐， 
忍耐生老練，老練生盼望；

[Romans 羅馬書 5:3-4 (ESV/CUV) (p.1/2)](# "ref")
[Sven Scheuermeier](https://unsplash.com/photos/saGbrA6s8g0 "caption")

>>>
+ suff: not **obstacles** to achieve own **goals**
  + but bc we desire to be **holy**
  + but inhabit world/body **broken** by sin + death
+ **perseverance** (remain under)
+ **proof** (tested + true)

---

and hope does not put us to shame, 
because God's **love** has been poured 
into our hearts through the **Holy Spirit** 
who has been given to us.

盼望不至於羞恥， 
因為所賜給我們的聖靈 
將神的愛澆灌在我們心裡。

[Romans 羅馬書 5:5 (ESV/CUV) (p.2/2)](# "ref")

>>>
+ **hope**: when Chr returns He will find in me
  + proven **faith**, more precious than gold
+ 1 Pet 1:

---

In this you **rejoice**, though now 
for a **little while**, if necessary, 
you have been **grieved** by various trials,

因此，你們是大有喜樂； 
但如今，在百般的試煉中暫時憂愁，

[1 Peter 彼得前書 1:6 (ESV/CUV) (p.1/2)](# "ref")
[Iceland. Davide Cantelli](https://unsplash.com/photos/H3giJcTw__w "caption")

>>>
+ this: being **born again** to living hope

---

so that the **tested genuineness** 
of your **faith** — more precious than gold 
that perishes though it is tested by fire — 
may be found to result in **praise** and glory 
and honor at the **revelation** of Jesus Christ.

叫你們的信心既被試驗， 
就比那被火試驗仍然能壞的金子更顯寶貴， 
可以在耶穌基督顯現的時候 
得著稱讚、榮耀、尊貴。

[1 Peter 彼得前書 1:7 (ESV/CUV) (p.2/2)](# "ref")

>>>
+ tested: **proof** ("character" in Rom 5:4)
  + know whether my faith is **real** or not
+ Not dependent on strength of my **conviction**
  + but power of God's **faithfulness**
+ That **faith** in God's promises is **worth** pursuing!
+ If I **suffer** bc weight of sin
+ Remember it is **faith** in God
  + same faith **Abe** had
  + through God's **grace**
  + which declares me **righteous** in His eyes
+ Bc of this God is at **peace** with me
  + My **status** is standing in grace

---

# What **reasons** do I have to be **proud**?
# 我有什麼原因 可以誇口？

>>>
+ Not **own** achievements / progress 
+ Not **group** belong to: family, sports team, nation 
+ **Future** hope to see God's glory
  + and **inherit** it, bc
+ **Present** hope amidst suffering bc of sin
  + as I **persevere** in faith
+ what comes out is like **pure** gold
+ Gives us **hope** when all seems lost
  + When the **evil** is too great

---

## Romans 羅馬書 5
1. Pride: Future Hope, Present Suffering [(1-5)](# "ref") 
 主裡誇口：在我們未來的盼望跟現在的患難裡
1. **Peace**: in the Father's Love [(6-11)](# "ref") 
 **主裡平安**：在天父的愛裡
1. Power: in Grace which Surpasses Sin [(12-21)](# "ref") 
 主的大能: 在超越罪惡的恩典中

>>>
+ But I **hope** and hope that God will
  + **reward** me in heaven for my faith
+ I **trust** that persev. under suff. is **worth** it
+ What if God **lets me down**?
+ What **assurance** do I have that 
  + God **hears** my prayers?
  + God really **loves** me?
+ The assurance is **manner** in which God loved us:

---

For while we were still weak, 
at the right time **Christ died** for the ungodly.

因我們還軟弱的時候， 
基督就按所定的日期為罪人死。

[Romans 羅馬書 5:6 (ESV/CUV)](# "ref")
["The stoning of St. Stephen", Gabriel-Jules Thomas, 1863. Paris](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Stoning_St_Stephen_Saint-Etienne-du-Mont.jpg "caption")

---

For one will scarcely die for a **righteous** person 
-- though perhaps for a good person 
one would dare even to die --

為義人死，是少有的； 
為仁人死、或者有敢做的。

[Romans 羅馬書 5:7 (ESV/CUV)](# "ref")
>>>
+ v7a+b: not **contrast** but **appositive**:
+ **maybe** you might die for a person / cause
  + if you felt it was **worthwhile**:
+ if your **death** would call attention to 
  + the **worthiness** of the person / cause
+ contrast w/v6+8: for the **ungodly**, sinners

---

but God shows his **love** for us in that 
while we were still **sinners**, Christ died for us.

惟有基督在我們還作罪人的時候為我們死， 
神的愛就在此向我們顯明了。

[Romans 羅馬書 5:8 (ESV/CUV)](# "ref")
[Lac d'Anterne, France.  Hugues de Buyer-Mimeure](https://unsplash.com/photos/-wT0iS-TSZM "caption")

>>>
+ God did not **wait** for us to become worthy
  + before sending His **Son** to die for us
+ It's already **done**! Before you **repented**,
  + before you **sinned**, before you were **born**
+ This is the **manner** in which God caused His
  + actions + words to **stand together**
  + to **demonstrate** + substantiate 
  + the depth of His **love** toward us
+ What more **proof** are we looking for?

---

Since, therefore, we have now been 
**justified** by his blood, much more shall we be 
**saved** by him from the **wrath** of God.

現在我們既靠著他的血稱義， 
就更要藉著他免去神的忿怒。

[Romans 羅馬書 5:9 (ESV/CUV)](# "ref")
[Ales Krivec](https://unsplash.com/photos/ywtbSuCSjhM "caption")

---

For if while we were **enemies** we were 
**reconciled** to God by the death of his Son, 
much more, now that we are reconciled, 
shall we be **saved** by his life.

因為我們作仇敵的時候， 
且藉著神兒子的死，得與神和好； 
既已和好，就更要因他的生得救了。

[Romans 羅馬書 5:10 (ESV/CUV)](# "ref")

>>>
+ Yes, we **owe** an indescribable **debt** to God
  + Because of our **rebellion** against His auth
  + He is **justified** in His **wrath** (ch1,3)
+ But God **settled** the accounts already
  + **paid** the debt by Jesus' death
+ Jesus' **last words** on the cross?
  + "It is **finished**": not His **life**,
  + but the **work** of salvation
+ Through **faith** in Christ (faith of Abe)
  + we **receive** this reconciliation
+ So **why** would we still fear God's **punish**?
  + why assume God is not **pleased** with us?
+ In fact, it's not just that we not longer
  + **owe** anything to God:

---

More than that, we also **rejoice** in God 
through our Lord Jesus Christ, 
through whom we have now received **reconciliation**.

不但如此，我們既藉著 
我主耶穌基督得與神和好， 
也就藉著他以神為樂。

[Romans 羅馬書 5:11 (ESV)](# "ref")
[Milada Vigerova](https://unsplash.com/photos/iQWvVYMtv1k "caption")

>>>
+ "rejoice": again, **boast**, pride, lift up head
+ pride not in **selves** but **Christ**
  + who **bought** our reconciliation
+ As **Ephesians** puts it:

---
For he himself is our peace, who has made us both one and has broken down in his flesh the dividing wall of hostility

因 他 使 我 們 和 睦 （ 原 文 作 ： 因 他 是 我 們 的 和 睦 ） ， 將 兩 下 合 而 為 一 ， 拆 毀 了 中 間 隔 斷 的 牆

[Ephesians 以弗所書 2:14 (ESV/CUV)](# "ref")

>>>
+ Not just that Christ **gives** us peace 
  + He **is** our peace
+ broken down wall of **enmity**
  + between man to man
  + between man and God

---

# How do I **know** that the Father **loves** me?
# 我如何知道 天父愛我？

>>>
+ Bc I'm **lovable**?  Nope!
+ Our **assurance** is in **manner** in which God loved
+ sent His Son while we were yet **weak**,
  + ungodly, sinners, His **enemies**
+ Bc we didn't **deserve** His love, 
  + so we know we can't **lose** it!
+ God will not **reneg** on His love,
+ and nothing in all creation is **strong** enough 
  + to **separate** us from His love

---

## Romans 羅馬書 5
1. Pride: Future Hope, Present Suffering [(1-5)](# "ref") 
 主裡誇口：在我們未來的盼望跟現在的患難裡
1. Peace: in the Father's Love [(6-11)](# "ref") 
 主裡平安：在天父的愛裡
1. **Power**: in Grace which Surpasses Sin [(12-21)](# "ref") 
 **主的大能**: 在超越罪惡的恩典中

>>>
+ In light of the **power** of God's love
  + manifest in Christ's death for us
+ We can trust in the boundless **abundance**
  + of His **grace**
+ which **overwhelms** sin and the curse of death
+ First, the **bad** news:

---

Therefore, just as **sin** came into the world 
through one **man**, and **death** through sin, 
and so death spread to **all** men 
because all sinned

這就如罪是從一人入了世界， 
死又是從罪來的； 
於是死就臨到眾人， 
因為眾人都犯了罪。

[Romans 羅馬書 5:12 (ESV)](# "ref")
[Kota Garut, Indonesia. Dikaseva](https://unsplash.com/photos/zvf7cZ0PC20 "caption")

>>>
+ v12-14 first ack **rule** of death in our world:
+ v12 is **self-contained** clause:
+ **just as** sin came to world,
  + **so also** death came to all people
+ death (spiritual and physical) in the **world**
  + is a **conseq** of sin
  + (problem for theistic evolutionists!)
+ not just **Adam's** fault, **all** have sinned

---

for **sin** indeed was in the world 
**before** the law was given, 
but sin is not **counted** where there is no law.

沒有律法之先，罪已經在世上； 
但沒有律法，罪也不算罪。

[Romans 羅馬書 5:13 (ESV)](# "ref")
[Aaron Burden](https://unsplash.com/photos/fgmf2Eyrwm4 "caption")

>>>
+ studying Bible helps us **realize** how we've sinned
  + **compass** to guide us straight + true
+ w/o it, don't know what dir is **North**
+ don't **realize** we've wandered astray from God
  + assume **everyone** lives like this
  + so should be **ok**

---

Yet **death reigned** from Adam to Moses, 
even over those whose sinning was 
not like the **transgression of Adam**, 
who was a type of the one who was to come.

然而從亞當到摩西，死就作了王， 
連那些不與亞當犯一樣罪過的，也在他的權下。 
亞當乃是那以後要來之人的豫像。

[Romans 羅馬書 5:14 (ESV)](# "ref")
[Vancouver, BC.  Aditya Chinchure](https://unsplash.com/photos/ghbepAO7BCs "caption")

>>>
+ Adam had direct **command** from God
  + Moses rcvd God's specific **regulations**
+ But still possible to **overstep**
  + God's prescribed **boundaries**
  + even **unknowingly**
+ e.g., didn't know must **park** facing right way
  + but **ignorance** no excuse
+ Do God's **expectations** of holiness
  + only **apply** to Christians?
+ Even if diff **culture** / relig bg
  + **sin** + death still reign in heart (ch2)
+ But there's **hope**! The **good** news:

---
1. God's grace far **exceeds** sin's harm [(v15)](# "ref") 
 神的恩典遠超過罪的後果
1. Jesus' death covers **all** our sins [(v16)](# "ref") 
 耶穌的死遮蓋了我們所有的罪
1. God's grace brings a new **kingdom** [(v17)](# "ref") 
 神的恩典會帶來新的國度
1. Christ's obedience changes our **standing** before God [(v18-19)](# "ref") 
 基督的順服改變了我們在 神面前的地位

>>>
+ repeatedly draws **parallel** between
+ Adam's **sin** vs Christ's **sacrifice** for us
+ one resulting in **death** + condemnation
  + other resulting in **life** + being deemed **righteous**
+ But in each comparison, **grace** wins!
+ not equal duality: **yin-yang**, good/evil, God/devil
  + they are not even **close**!

---

1. (God's grace far **exceeds** sin's harm) 
 (神的恩典遠超過罪的後果)

______

But the free **gift** is not like the trespass.

只是過犯不如恩賜

[Romans 羅馬書 5:15(a) (ESV/CUV)](# "ref")
[Tel Aviv-Yafo. Joseph Barrientos](https://unsplash.com/photos/oQl0eVYd_n8 "caption")

>>>
+ (1) God's grace is **bigger** than death from sin

---

For if many **died** through one man's trespass, 
much more have the **grace** of God 
and the free gift by the grace of that 
one man Jesus Christ **abounded** for many.

若因一人的過犯，眾人都死了， 
何況神的恩典， 
與那因耶穌基督一人恩典中的賞賜， 
豈不更加倍的臨到眾人麼？

[Romans 羅馬書 5:15b (ESV/CUV)](# "ref")
[Tel Aviv-Yafo. Joseph Barrientos](https://unsplash.com/photos/oQl0eVYd_n8 "caption")

>>>
+ "abounds": surpass, **exceed** normal, overflow
+ Trying to be good by following the **rules**
  + means if you mess up **once**, you're **done**:
+ **One** sin brings condemnation + death
+ But God's grace is **greater** than sin
  + bc it's not like that:

---

2. (Jesus' death covers **all** our sins) 
 (耶穌的死遮蓋了我們所有的罪)

______

And the free gift is not like 
the result of that **one man's sin**.

因一人犯罪就定罪，也不如恩賜

[Romans 羅馬書 5:16a (ESV/CUV) (p.1/2)](# "ref")
[Mario Purisic](https://unsplash.com/photos/jG1z5o7NCq4 "caption")

>>>
+ "For it is not as though bc one man's sin came the gift"
+ Jesus died not just to pay for **one** man's sin
+ (2) Jesus' death covers over **all** our sins
  + one vs **many**

---

For the judgment following **one trespass** 
brought condemnation, 
but the free gift following **many trespasses** 
brought justification.

原來審判是由一人而定罪， 
恩賜乃是由許多過犯而稱義。

[Romans 羅馬書 5:16b (ESV/CUV) (p.2/2)](# "ref")

>>>
+ on the **one hand**: the judgment 
  + out of one (sin), into condemnation
+ on the **other**: the gift 
  + out of many sins, into justification
+ It's also a matter of **power** / rule:

---

3. (God's grace brings a new **kingdom**) 
 (神的恩典會帶來新的國度)

______

For if, because of one man's trespass, 
**death reigned** through that one man,

若因一人的過犯，死就因這一人作了王，

[Romans 羅馬書 5:17 (ESV/CUV)](# "ref")
[Claudio Testa](https://unsplash.com/photos/FrlCwXwbwkk "caption")

>>>
+ (3) God's grace will bring a new **kingdom**

---

much more will **those who receive** 
the abundance of grace and 
the free gift of righteousness 
**reign in life** through the one man Jesus Christ.

何況那些受洪恩又蒙所賜之義的， 
豈不更要因耶穌基督一人在生命中作王麼？

[Romans 羅馬書 5:17b (ESV/CUV)](# "ref")

>>>
+ Now operate under rule of **death**: barely surviving
+ But bc of Christ's gift, **we** will reign!
+ How does this affect how God **sees** us?

---

Therefore, as **one trespass** led to 
condemnation for all men, 
so **one act of righteousness** leads to 
justification and life for all men.

如此說來，因一次的過犯， 
眾人都被定罪； 
照樣，因一次的義行， 
眾人也就被稱義得生命了

[Romans 羅馬書 5:18 (ESV/CUV) (p.1/2)](# "ref")
[Alex Woods](https://unsplash.com/photos/pZVi92S-ZMs "caption")

---

For as by the one man's disobedience 
the many were **made sinners**, 
so by the one man's obedience 
the many will be **made righteous**.

因一人的悖逆，眾人成為罪人； 
照樣，因一人的順從， 
眾人也成為義了。

[Romans 羅馬書 5:19 (ESV/CUV) (p.2/2)](# "ref")

>>>
+ **disobedience** vs obedience
+ "made": **set down**, put in place, give position/auth
+ (4) Christ's obedience changes our **standing** before Him
  + **deemed** righteous in His sight
+ Then what of the **world**?  Will it get **better**?
  + Downhill trajectory: **V-shaped** recovery? U?
+ No, in fact as in the days of **Noah**
  + God has reserved world for **judgment**
  + this time by **fire**

---

Now the **law** came in to **increase** the trespass,
but where **sin** increased, 
**grace** abounded all the more,

律法本是外添的，叫過犯顯多； 
只是罪在那裡顯多，恩典就更顯多了。

[Romans 羅馬書 5:20 (ESV/CUV)](# "ref")
[Warsaw, Poland. FreeStocks](https://unsplash.com/photos/r_oV6smBBYk/info "caption")

---

so that, as sin **reigned** in death, 
grace also might **reign** through righteousness 
leading to eternal life 
through Jesus Christ our Lord.

就如罪作王叫人死； 
照樣，恩典也藉著義作王， 
叫人因我們的主耶穌基督得永生。

[Romans 羅馬書 5:21 (ESV/CUV)](# "ref")

>>>
+ being **told** what not to do
  + makes one **want** to do it even more (ch7)
+ so not only does world **increase** in sin/death
  + but preaching **gospel** increases it even more!
+ So all **hopeless**? No! **Grace** abounds even more
+ As in days of **Noah**, God has provided a singular
  + **way** to be rescued: not **ark**, but
+ **faith** in Jesus Christ, God's Son given for our sins
+ The more we **recognize** our own sin
  + the more **precious** God's grace becomes
+ He who is **forgiven** little, **loves** little (Lk 7:47)

---

# Am I looking for something **more** than God's grace?
# 我是否在尋找 神恩典之外的東西？

>>>
+ Cry out to God: so much **pain**, brokenness, evil
  + not just in **world**, but even in **my** heart
+ "**Do** something, God!"  **Fix** problem, intervene
+ Underlying: **frustration**, bitterness at God
  + even sneaking suspicion He doesn't **care**
  + or is too **far away** to be able to do 
+ Rom5 reminds us God's grace is **sufficient**:
  + do I **believe** it?
+ Christ's **one** act of obedience **wins** 
  + over all the **evil** that has broken our world
+ The free **gift** is offered to **all** who would
  + receive it in **faith**
+ Is that grace **enough**?

---

>>>
+ O Lord, how long shall I cry for help,
 + and you will not hear?
+ Or cry to you “Violence!” and you will not save?
+ Destruction and violence are before me;
 + strife and contention arise.
+ So the law is paralyzed,
 + and justice never goes forth.
+ But the righteous shall live by his faith.
+ The Lord is in his holy temple;
 + let all the earth keep silence before him.
+ Though the fig tree should not blossom,
 + nor fruit be on the vines,
+ yet I will rejoice in the Lord;
 + I will take joy in the God of my salvation.